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| 19 |
| | | Germanicus, nephew and heir of the emperor Tiberius, dies when far away with the army in Syria | |
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| c. 35 |
| | | On the road to Damascus, where he intends to persecute the Christians, Saul sees a blinding light | |
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| c. 80 |
| | | The earliest of the Christian gospels, that of St Mark, is written down - possibly in Asia Minor or Syria | |
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| 117 |
| | | Hadrian, governing Syria when he is declared emperor, is confident enough to delay almost a year before returning to Rome | |
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| 165 |
| | | The Romans annexe Doura-Europus, giving it its most prosperious period as a frontier town between the Roman and Persian empires | |
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| c. 232 |
| | | A house in Doura-Europus is adapted for Christian worship - the earliest surviving example of its kind | |
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| c. 475 |
| | | The Syrian desert is full of hermits living on pillars, following the example of St Simeon Stylites | |
|  | Pillar of Simeon the Stylite
Fotofile CG
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| 634 |
| | | Within two years of the death of Muhammad, the Arabs surge north into the Syrian desert | |
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| 661 |
| | | Ali is assassinated and Mu'awiya becomes the fifth Muslim caliph, establishing the Umayyad dynasty | |
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| c. 670 |
| | | With the entire middle east under their control, the Arabs make Damascus the capital of the Umayyad caliphate | |
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